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Interventional Neurology

About Interventional Neurology

Interventional neurology, also known as neurointerventional surgery or endovascular neurosurgery, is a subspecialty that focuses on diagnosing and treating vascular diseases of the central nervous system using minimally invasive, catheter-based techniques. This field leverages advanced imaging technologies to navigate the intricate vascular structures of the brain and spinal cord, providing effective treatments for conditions that once required open surgery or had limited treatment options.

Key Procedures in Interventional Neurology

Endovascular Coiling

This procedure involves inserting a catheter into the femoral artery, guiding it to the aneurysm, and deploying coils to induce clotting and prevent rupture.

Flow Diversion

A flow-diverting stent is placed across the aneurysm neck to redirect blood flow away from the aneurysm, promoting healing.

Mechanical Thrombectomy

This emergency procedure removes blood clots from cerebral arteries to restore blood flow during an ischemic stroke, significantly improving outcomes if performed promptly.

Carotid Artery Stenting (CAS)

Used to treat carotid artery stenosis, a stent is placed to open narrowed carotid arteries, reducing the risk of stroke.

Embolization

A procedure to treat arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) and other vascular malformations by injecting materials to block abnormal blood vessels.

Intra-arterial Chemotherapy

Delivering high-dose chemotherapy directly to brain tumors via the arterial supply, maximizing drug concentration at the tumor site while minimizing systemic exposure.

Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty

Treatments for spinal fractures, these procedures involve injecting bone cement into the vertebrae to stabilize fractures and reduce pain.

Spinal Angiography

A diagnostic procedure to visualize the blood vessels of the spinal cord, helping to identify and treat vascular abnormalities.

Uses of Interventional Neurology

Stroke Management

Mechanical thrombectomy and intra-arterial thrombolysis can dramatically improve outcomes for acute ischemic stroke patients by restoring blood flow to the brain.

Aneurysm Treatment

Endovascular coiling and flow diversion provide effective, less invasive options for treating brain aneurysms, reducing the risk of rupture and subsequent hemorrhagic stroke.

Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs)

Embolization procedures can effectively reduce or eliminate AVMs, preventing potential hemorrhages.

Carotid Artery Disease

Carotid artery stenting can prevent strokes in patients with significant carotid artery stenosis.

Spinal Vascular Conditions

Interventional procedures can address spinal AVMs and dural arteriovenous fistulas, improving spinal cord function and reducing pain.